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Hepatitis B (Fact Sheet WHO)

WHO Fact sheet, Reviewed July 2017. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs204/en/

Key facts

Hepatitis B is a viral infection that attacks the liver and can cause both acute and chronic disease.
The virus is transmitted through contact with the blood or other body fluids of an infected person.
An estimated 257 million people are living with hepatitis B virus infection (defined as hepatitis B surface antigen positive).
In 2015, hepatitis B resulted in 887 000 deaths, mostly from complications (including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma).
Hepatitis B is an important occupational hazard for health workers.
However, it can be prevented by currently available safe and effective vaccine.

Overview of hepatitis B virus mutations and their implications in the management of infection (Patrizia Caligiuri, Rita Cerruti, Giancarlo Icardi, Bianca Bruzzone)

World J Gastroenterol 2016 January 7; 22(1): 145-154.

Patrizia Caligiuri, Giancarlo Icardi, Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
Rita Cerruti, Giancarlo Icardi, Bianca Bruzzone, Hygiene Unit, I.R.C.C.S. A.O.U. San Martino-IST, 16132 Genoa, Italy

Author contributions: Caligiuri P, Cerruti R, Icardi G and Bruzzone B analyzed the literature and wrote this review.

Conflict-of-interest statement :The authors have no conflict of interest regarding this review.

Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Correspondence to: Dr. Patrizia Caligiuri, Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132

Genoa, This e-mail address is being protected from spambots, you need JavaScript enabled to view it

Telephone : +39-10-5600591 Fax:+39-10-5600912

FibroScan (Vibration-Controlled Transient Elastography): Where Does It Stand in the United States Practice (Elliot B. Tapper, Laurent Castera, and Nezam H. Afdhal)

Sumber : Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2015;13:27–36

Di tulis oleh : Elliot B. Tapper,* Laurent Castera,# and Nezam H. Afdhal*

*Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and #Department of Hepatology, Beaujon Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, INSERM U773, University of Paris-VII, Clichy, France

With widespread screening and increasingly effective treatments for patients with viral hepatitis as well as the increasing prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, the population presenting to the care of gastroenterologists and hepatologists is certain to increase. Assessment of advanced liver disease is traditionally invasive and expensive. Vibration-controlled transient elastography, commonly delivered by the FibroScan device, is an option recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the noninvasive assessment of liver disease at the point of care. Herein, we review the promise and pitfalls of vibrationcontrolled transient elastography with the aim of providing clinicians with a framework to interpret its results and apply this technology to the changing needs of our patients.